The components are heated to a temperature above the critical (normalizing) temperature, held there for one hour per inch of thickness, and then quickly cooled to enable the material to change into a much harder, stronger structure. Finally, tempering takes place. This is the complete hardening process.
The most common steel alloys used for through hardening are 4140 and 4340 high tensile alloys as they yield an optimal amount of strength and hardness.
Hardening involves controlled heating to a critical temperature dictated by the type of steel.
An annealing process is a type of heat treatment used primarily to make a material more malleable and less hard.
Low-carbon steel is one such type of steel that has properties suitable for specific applications but cannot be hardened.
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