In earlier posts, we considered gas meter types and the difference between volumetric and mass flow rates. This post discusses the gas mass flow rate units of measure.
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Flow measurement is the measure of bulk fluid movement and is determined through:
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One can express gas and liquid flow in volumetric or mass flow rates, and the quantities can be converted between one another if the substance’s density is known. The density of a liquid is primarily independent of the liquid circumstances. In contrast, for gas, the density is contingent on pressure, temperature, and to a lesser degree, the gas composition.
When gases or liquids are transported for sale, the flow rate is often conveyed as BTU/day or GJ/hour. The energy flow rate equals:
Volume flow rate X energy content/unit volume
Or
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Mass flow rate X the energy content/unit mass
While flow meters calculate the volumetric or mass flow rate, a flow computer determines the energy flow rate.
In engineering contexts, the volumetric flow rate is usually given the symbol , and the mass flow rate, the symbol .
Gases are compressible and change volume when:
In other words, a volume of gas at established pressure and temperature conditions does not equal the same gas under different pressure or temperature conditions. Because of this, meter flow rates are called “actual” and “standard” or “base” flow rates with units such as:
Gas mass flow rate can be directly measured, independent of pressure and temperature effects, with thermal mass flow meters, Coriolis mass flow meters, or mass flow controllers.
This video may interest you for a review of mass, volume, and density.
If you want to learn more, please visit our website Piston Type Circulating Real Gas Flow Standard Device.